Zoning › South Carolina › Charleston

Charleston, SC Zoning

Euclidean-zoning. 38 districts · 16 overlays · 5 applicable state preemptions.

Overview

Code type
euclidean
Naming convention
category-prefix-numeric

Charleston Chapter 54 is a use-separated Euclidean code with category-prefix-numeric district codes: C (conservation), AG (agriculture), RR (rural residential), SR-1..SR-8 (single-family residential tiers), STR (suburban transitional residential), DR-1/1F/2/2F/3/4/6/9/12 (diverse residential — mixed/missing-middle and multifamily, numeric = density tier), RO (residential-office), GO (general office), CT (commercial transitional), LB (limited business), GB (general business), UC (urban commercial), MU-1/MU-2 (mixed use; /WH suffix = Westside Historic), BP (business park), LI (light industrial), HI (heavy industrial), GP (gathering place), UP (urban place — incentive-based), JC (Johns Island commerce). A separate § 54-306 'Old City Height District' system governs 22 mapped height bands on the Peninsula (25-ft to 120-ft) layered on base districts. Active zoning rewrite 'Setting New Standards' is producing proposed Form-Based Districts for the Lower Peninsula (Code Assessment April 2024; Advisory Committee May 2024). Current Chapter 54 remains the operative ordinance. Within SR-1..SR-8, higher number generally indicates higher density (smaller minimum lot); within DR-1/DR-2/DR-3 (the fine-grained missing-middle family) the numeric suffix is NOT linear with density — DR-2 is denser than DR-1 at the same unit size because DR-2's unit floor is 2,500 sf vs DR-1's 4,000 sf. In the DR-6/DR-9/DR-12 family the number IS the explicit du/ac ceiling (6, 9, 12). Naming has an inverse-confusion risk (FM-3) comparable to Grand Prairie-TX.

Worth knowing
  • ACTIVE ZONING REWRITE in progress — 'Setting New Standards' project. Code Assessment published April 2024 recommended Form-Based Districts for the Lower Peninsula. Advisory Committee convened May 2024. Proposed Form-Based Districts are NOT YET ADOPTED as of Supplement 25; Chapter 54 Euclidean structure remains operative. Expect substantive changes in 2026–2027. Freshness: re-check quarterly.
  • OLD CITY HEIGHT DISTRICT (§54-306) — 22-band mapped height system on the Peninsula (25 ft to 120 ft) layered on base districts. This is Charleston's core preservation mechanism alongside the Board of Architectural Review. Peninsula properties have their maximum height set by the Old City Height District band, NOT by base-district Table 3.1 height (when the overlay is more restrictive). Non-Peninsula properties use Table 3.1 height directly.
  • BOARD OF ARCHITECTURAL REVIEW (BAR) §54-240 governs exterior alterations and new construction visibility within Historic District and for Landmark (LMK) overlay properties. BAR review is de facto a form control that dramatically constrains the as-of-right envelope on the Peninsula. Pending Ord. 2025-140 (Oct 28, 2025) amendments to §54-240 are uncodified in Supplement 25 — full current text requires Supplement 26 or direct ordinance retrieval.

+ 10 more in Quirks & notes

Districts

res_mf 10res_sf 9mixed 8com 5ag 2ind 2open_space 1office 1
CodeNameCategory Min lotHeight CoverageFAR Du/acParking Setbacks F/S/R
CConservationopen_space65,340 sf[4]35 ft[5]0.25[6]—0.66[7]—85[1] / 15[2] / 50[3]
AG-8Agricultural (8 acre)ag348,480 sf[8]35 ft[9]——0.12[10]—— / — / —
AG-SAgricultural — Suburbanag—35 ft[11]————— / — / —
RR-1Rural Residentialres_sf12,500 sf[15]35 ft[16]0.35[17]—3.5[18]—75[12] / 15[13] / 50[14]
SR-1Single-Family Residential 1res_sf9,000 sf[22]35 ft[23]0.35[24]—4.8[25]—50[19] / 9[20] / 25[21]
SR-2Single-Family Residential 2res_sf6,000 sf[29]35 ft[30]0.5[31]—7.3[32]—25[26] / 9[27] / 25[28]
SR-3Single-Family Residential 3res_sf6,000 sf[36]50 ft[37]0.35[38]—7.3[39]—3[33] / 6[34] / 25[35]
SR-4Single-Family Residential 4res_sf4,000 sf[42]50 ft[43]0.35[44]—10[45]—3[40] / 3[41] / —
SR-5Single-Family Residential 5res_sf2,500 sf[48]50 ft[49]0.35[50]—17.4[51]—3[46] / 3[47] / —
SR-6Single-Family Residential 6res_sf5,000 sf[54]35 ft[55]0.5[56]—8.7[57]—28[52] / 5[53] / —
SR-7Single-Family Residential 7res_sf43,560 sf[61]35 ft[62]0.35[63]—1[64]—75[58] / 15[59] / 25[60]
SR-8Single-Family Residential 8res_sf15,000 sf[67]35 ft[68]0.25[69]—2.9[70]—50[65] / 9[66] / —
STRSuburban Transitional Residentialres_mf6,000 sf[74]35 ft[75]0.5[76]—9.7[77]—25[71] / 6[72] / 25[73]
DR-6Diverse Residential 6 (6 du/ac)res_mf—50 ft[80]0.35[81]—6[82]—20[78] / 3[79] / —
DR-9Diverse Residential 9 (9 du/ac)res_mf—50 ft[85]0.5[86]—9[87]—20[83] / 3[84] / —
DR-12Diverse Residential 12 (12 du/ac)res_mf—50 ft[90]0.5[91]—12[92]—20[88] / 3[89] / —
DR-1Diverse Residential 1res_mf4,000 sf[95]50 ft[96]0.35[97]—19.4[98]—3[93] / 3[94] / —
DR-1FDiverse Residential 1Fres_mf4,000 sf[102]50 ft[103]0.5[104]—19.4[105]—3[99] / 3[100] / 25[101]
DR-2Diverse Residential 2res_mf2,500 sf[108]50 ft[109]0.35[110]—26.4[111]—7[106] / 3[107] / —
DR-2FDiverse Residential 2Fres_mf2,500 sf[115]50 ft[116]0.5[117]—26.4[118]—3[112] / 3[113] / 25[114]
DR-3Diverse Residential 3res_mf7,260 sf[121]50 ft[122]0.5[123]—[{'variant': 'non_mh', 'range': {'min': 9, 'max': 9}, 'citation': 'c§54-301-Table-3.1 DR-3 non-MH row'}, {'variant': 'mh_park', 'density_basis': '7,260 sf/unit ≈ 6 du/ac', 'citation': 'c§54-301-Table-3.1 DR-3 MH park row'}, {'variant': 'mh_single', 'density_basis': '1 acre/unit = 1 du/ac', 'citation': 'c§54-301-Table-3.1 DR-3 MH singlewide row'}][124]—20[119] / 3[120] / —
DR-4Diverse Residential 4res_mf——————— / — / —
ROResidential-Officemixed6,000 sf[128]35 ft[129]0.5[130]—7.3[131]—50[125] / 6[126] / 25[127]
GOGeneral Officeoffice21,780 sf[132]55 ft[133]————— / — / —
CTCommercial Transitionalcom—[136]50 ft[137]——19.4[138]—3[134] / 3[135] / —
LBLimited Businesscom—[141]55 ft[142]0.5[143]—19.4[144]—3[139] / 3[140] / —
GBGeneral Businesscom—[147]55 ft[148]0.5[149]—26.4[150]—3[145] / 3[146] / —
UCUrban Commercialmixed1,000 sf[151]55 ft[152]——43.6[153]—— / — / —
MU-1Mixed Use 1mixed——————— / — / —
MU-2Mixed Use 2mixed——————— / — / —
MU-1/WHMixed Use 1 / Westside Historicmixed——————— / — / —
MU-2/WHMixed Use 2 / Westside Historicmixed——————— / — / —
BPBusiness Parkcom—45 ft[154]————— / — / —
LILight Industrialind—[157]55 ft[158]0.5[159]—19.4[160]—3[155] / 3[156] / —
HIHeavy Industrialind—[163]55 ft[164]0.35[165]—19.4[166]—20[161] / 3[162] / —
GPGathering Placemixed——————— / — / —
UPUrban Placemixed——————— / — / —
JCJohns Island Commercecom4,000 sf[168]—————— / — / —[167]

Confidence: confirmed partial under review not found

Overlays

A
Accommodations
USE
§54-202(a); §54-223 · c§54-202(a)
TB
Tour Boat
USE
§54-202(b) · c§54-202(b)
JI
Johns Island
GEOG-CHAR
§54-202(c) · c§54-202(c)
AR
Amusement and Recreation
USE
§54-202(d) · c§54-202(d)
SH
Savannah Highway
COR
§54-202(e) · c§54-202(e)
S
School
INS
§54-202(f) · c§54-202(f)
LMK
Landmark
HP
§54-202(g); historic-preservation regulations cross-reference §54-240 Board of Architectural Review · c§54-202(g); c§54-240
ST
Short Term Rental
USE
§54-202(h) · c§54-202(h)
GBLN
General Business Late Night
OP
§54-202(i) · c§54-202(i)
LILN
Light Industrial Late Night
OP
§54-202(j) · c§54-202(j)
TC
Tech Corridor
ED
§54-202(k) · c§54-202(k)
G
Gateway
COR
§54-202(l) · c§54-202(l)
FR
Folly Road
COR
§54-202(m) · c§54-202(m)
SPD
Special Parking District
PARK
§54-202(n) · c§54-202(n)
MD
Peninsula Medical University District (MD)
INS
Ord. 2025-136 (Oct 14, 2025 — UNCODIFIED in Supplement 25) · i-ord-2025-136
OCHD
Old City Height District
HT
§54-306 (part of Article 3, Part 1 — Height and Related Requirements) · c§54-306

State preemptions

SC-TITLE6-CH29applies
Qualifying condition
SC is a home-rule state (SC Constitution Art. VIII §§7, 8, 9). Local government zoning authority is granted exclusively through Title 6, Chapter 29, which requires a comprehensive plan before a zoning ordinance may be adopted. Charleston has an adopted Comprehensive Plan and Chapter 54 zoning ordinance in force since 1931 (first in SC). Charleston complies with the enabling act's comprehensive-plan prerequisite; zoning authority flows from Title 6 Ch 29.
SC-6-29-1145-MH-PARITYapplies
Qualifying condition
SC §6-29-1145 requires that manufactured housing that meets HUD Code and reasonable aesthetic standards be treated equivalent to site-built single-family dwellings in residential zones. Charleston's DR-3 district contains explicit manufactured-housing sub-variants (MH park at 7,260 sf/unit, MH singlewide at 1 acre/unit, non-MH at 9 du/ac) — implementing MH as a permitted use subject to the same base dimensional controls as other residential units.
SC-27-1-60-MODULARapplies
Qualifying condition
SC §27-1-60 requires cities to treat modular/prefabricated housing (meeting state modular building code) as equivalent to conventionally constructed dwellings. Applies to all SC municipalities including Charleston.
SC-BEACHFRONT-MGMT-ACTapplies
Qualifying condition
SC Beachfront Management Act (§48-39) imposes state-administered development setback and retreat requirements on oceanfront and inlet-shoreline properties. Managed by SC DHEC Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management (OCRM). Charleston is explicitly enumerated in the south-carolina.md state-preemptions file as a jurisdiction where the Act applies to portions of the city touching Charleston Harbor, Ashley/Cooper River tidal waters, and Atlantic barrier island frontage (e.g., portions of James Island / Folly Road corridor; shores of Charleston Harbor). The Act operates via state-drawn baselines plus 40-year erosion-retreat setback lines.
SC-6-1-910-STR-TAXapplies
Qualifying condition
SC §6-1-910 preempts local taxation of short-term rentals beyond state-authorized accommodations tax. Does NOT preempt local ZONING of STRs — cities retain full authority to regulate STRs as a land use. Applies statewide including Charleston.
Non-applicable laws (1)
SC-NO-ADU-MANDATEnot_applicable
Qualifying condition
SC has NO statewide ADU-permission mandate comparable to CA SB 9, OR HB 2001, or WA HB 1110. SC has NO statewide density-minimum mandate comparable to TX SB 840. ADU permission and density are entirely local.

Adopted building codes

Statewide

IBC
2021
IRC
2021
NEC
2020
IFC
2021
IECC (Residential)
2009
IECC (Commercial)
2009

Click a code label to open its state-by-state adoption atlas.

Quirks & notes

  • ACTIVE ZONING REWRITE in progress — 'Setting New Standards' project. Code Assessment published April 2024 recommended Form-Based Districts for the Lower Peninsula. Advisory Committee convened May 2024. Proposed Form-Based Districts are NOT YET ADOPTED as of Supplement 25; Chapter 54 Euclidean structure remains operative. Expect substantive changes in 2026–2027. Freshness: re-check quarterly.
  • OLD CITY HEIGHT DISTRICT (§54-306) — 22-band mapped height system on the Peninsula (25 ft to 120 ft) layered on base districts. This is Charleston's core preservation mechanism alongside the Board of Architectural Review. Peninsula properties have their maximum height set by the Old City Height District band, NOT by base-district Table 3.1 height (when the overlay is more restrictive). Non-Peninsula properties use Table 3.1 height directly.
  • BOARD OF ARCHITECTURAL REVIEW (BAR) §54-240 governs exterior alterations and new construction visibility within Historic District and for Landmark (LMK) overlay properties. BAR review is de facto a form control that dramatically constrains the as-of-right envelope on the Peninsula. Pending Ord. 2025-140 (Oct 28, 2025) amendments to §54-240 are uncodified in Supplement 25 — full current text requires Supplement 26 or direct ordinance retrieval.
  • SHORT-TERM RENTAL SYSTEM — Charleston operates one of the MOST RESTRICTIVE local STR regimes in the Southeast. Tiered permit structure (Commercial STR, Residential STR with 4-room + owner-occupancy rules, Historic STR) with lottery/capacity caps. NOT preempted by SC state law (§6-1-910 preempts STR TAX only, not zoning). STR use is only permitted in mapped ST overlay areas.
  • 14 CODIFIED OVERLAYS plus 1 UNCODIFIED NEW OVERLAY — §54-202 enumerates 14 combining/overlay districts (A, TB, JI, AR, SH, S, LMK, ST, GBLN, LILN, TC, G, FR, SPD). Ord. 2025-136 (Oct 14, 2025) creates the Peninsula Medical University District (MD) — NOT YET CODIFIED IN SUPPLEMENT 25. This is a prime FM-10 codification-lag risk: current Municode supplement does not yet show a district that is legally in force.
  • UNCODIFIED AMENDMENTS IN SUPPLEMENT 25 — 5 ordinances are adopted but not yet integrated: 2025-170 (tree protection §54-326, 12/2/25); 2025-147 (GIS boundary scale, 11/12/25); 2025-140 (BAR §54-240, 10/28/25); 2025-136 (Peninsula Medical University MD overlay, 10/14/25 — NEW); 2025-108 (§54-207.Z SR-6 scrivener fix, 8/19/25). Supplement 26 expected 2026Q2. Current Municode text is AS-CODIFIED, not AS-ENFORCED.
  • DR-1/2 INVERSE-DENSITY NAMING RISK — DR-2 is DENSER than DR-1 (26.4 du/ac vs 19.4 du/ac at small-lot floor) despite higher number. DR-3 is lower-density still (9 du/ac non-MH). DR-6/9/12 family encodes du/ac ceiling in the district code (reading: 'DR-6 = 6 du/ac'). This is a Grand Prairie-TX-style inverse-naming risk (FM-3 cross-contamination) where a naive reader would assume DR-1 > DR-2 in density.
  • SC §48-39 BEACHFRONT MGMT ACT applies parcel-conditionally on Atlantic frontage / Charleston Harbor / tidal shoreline properties. SC DHEC-OCRM setback lines layer on Chapter 54 zoning. Permit jurisdiction is dual (city + state coastal). Parcel-level check required: does the parcel touch an OCRM setback line?
  • FIRST US HISTORIC DISTRICT — Charleston established the nation's first Historic District designation in 1931, simultaneously with its first zoning ordinance. This historic lineage informs the entire preservation-heavy framework (OCHD, BAR, LMK, /WH suffix) which differs in scope and intensity from typical SE Euclidean codes.
  • PENINSULA SMALL-LOT PATTERN — SR-3/4/5 and DR-1/DR-2 districts implement a distinct '3 ft / NR/3 ft' near-zero front setback with asymmetric side setbacks (9/3 or 7/3 or 12/6). This form-mimetic dimensional treatment produces narrow-lot Charleston single-family urban form without being a form-based code.
  • DR-3 MH SUB-VARIANTS — DR-3 district uniquely contains three distinct dimensional profiles: non-MH multifamily at 9 du/ac; MH park at 7,260 sf/unit (~6 du/ac); MH singlewide at 1 acre/unit (1 du/ac). The 1-acre MH singlewide vs. non-MH 4,000-sf SF differential raises a SC §6-29-1145 parity question that a strict auditor might flag — though SC case law generally permits reasonable placement standards.
  • SR-3/4/5 HEIGHT CAP HIGHER THAN SR-1/2/6 — SR-3/4/5 allow 50 ft / 3 stories while SR-1/SR-2/SR-6 allow 35 ft / 2½ stories. In most codes, higher-density SF districts have LOWER height caps; Charleston's reversed pattern reflects Peninsula narrow-lot form.
  • UNIQUE DISTRICT CODES — Charleston has district codes not seen elsewhere in the SE: STR (Suburban Transitional Residential, distinct from the STR overlay for short-term rentals!), DR-* (diverse residential — missing-middle family), UC (urban commercial at 43.6 du/ac), UP (urban place — incentive-based NR envelope), GP (gathering place), JC (Johns Island Commerce), MU-1/WH and MU-2/WH (Westside Historic combining).

Formulas

Definitions

height
Grade to highest point of structure per §54-301 Table 3.1 footnotes. On Peninsula (Old City), the Old City Height District (§54-306) governs — 22 mapped height bands from 25 ft to 120 ft, layered on base district.
lot_coverage
Building footprint / lot area; expressed as % (not decimal)
setback
Distance from property line to structure per §54-301 Table 3.1
density
Expressed as minimum lot area per dwelling unit (sf/unit) in Table 3.1, with parenthetical du/ac conversions. DR-6/9/12 family encodes the du/ac ceiling directly in the district code. Peninsula Historic area (Old City) has additional lot-per-dwelling floors.
corner_lot
Larger side-street setback applies; §54-301 footnotes
combining_districts
Overlay districts per §54-202 layered on base; base + overlay both apply (more restrictive controls unless overlay expressly replaces base)
NR_notation
'NR' = no requirement (no minimum)
NA_notation
'NA' = not applicable to that cell

Capacity calculations

sr_3_du_ac
6,000 sf/unit → 7.3 du/net ac per §54-301 Table 3.1
sr_6_du_ac
5,000 sf/unit → 8.7 du/net ac (SR-6 peninsula pattern)
dr_1_small_lot_du_ac
2,250 sf/unit small-lot attached → 19.4 du/net ac
dr_2_small_lot_du_ac
1,650 sf/unit small-lot → 26.4 du/net ac
uc_max_density
1,000 sf/unit → 43.6 du/net ac
dr_12_ceiling
12 du/ac explicit
peninsula_height_rules
Old City Height District map (§54-306) overrides base-district Table 3.1 heights — 22 bands from 25 ft to 120 ft
coastal_ocrm_setback
SC §48-39 Beachfront Management Act setback lines (baseline + 40-year retreat) govern on Atlantic-frontage portions of Charleston. Managed by SC DHEC-OCRM, not the city, but overlays onto Chapter 54 setbacks where applicable.

Massing explorer

Interactive 3D comparison across every district. Drag to orbit, scroll to zoom, use the slider to walk districts, and toggle applicable overlays in the right-side panel.

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Floor area ratio
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Lot coverage
—%
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Setbacks (F / S / R)
— ft
——
Parking
— /unit
——
Max density
— du/ac
——
Min lot size
— sf
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District Category Height FAR Coverage Setbacks Parking Density Min lot Overlays

Sources & references

Primary source
Chapter 54 — Zoning Ordinance, City Code of Charleston, SC
Supplement 25; codified through Ord. No. 2025-087 · retrieved 2026-04-19
Citations
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  128. [128] §54-301-Table-3.1
  129. [129] §54-301-Table-3.1
  130. [130] §54-301-Table-3.1
  131. [131] §54-301-Table-3.1
  132. [132] §54-301-Table-3.1
  133. [133] §54-301-Table-3.1
  134. [134] §54-301-Table-3.1
  135. [135] §54-301-Table-3.1
  136. [136] §54-301-Table-3.1
  137. [137] §54-301-Table-3.1
  138. [138] §54-301-Table-3.1
  139. [139] §54-301-Table-3.1
  140. [140] §54-301-Table-3.1
  141. [141] §54-301-Table-3.1
  142. [142] §54-301-Table-3.1
  143. [143] §54-301-Table-3.1
  144. [144] §54-301-Table-3.1
  145. [145] §54-301-Table-3.1
  146. [146] §54-301-Table-3.1
  147. [147] §54-301-Table-3.1
  148. [148] §54-301-Table-3.1
  149. [149] §54-301-Table-3.1
  150. [150] §54-301-Table-3.1
  151. [151] §54-301-Table-3.1
  152. [152] §54-301-Table-3.1
  153. [153] §54-301-Table-3.1
  154. [154] §54-301-Table-3.1
  155. [155] §54-301-Table-3.1
  156. [156] §54-301-Table-3.1
  157. [157] §54-301-Table-3.1
  158. [158] §54-301-Table-3.1
  159. [159] §54-301-Table-3.1
  160. [160] §54-301-Table-3.1
  161. [161] §54-301-Table-3.1
  162. [162] §54-301-Table-3.1
  163. [163] §54-301-Table-3.1
  164. [164] §54-301-Table-3.1
  165. [165] §54-301-Table-3.1
  166. [166] §54-301-Table-3.1
  167. [167] §54-301-Table-3.1
  168. [168] §54-301-Table-3.1

Research status

Publication gates

primary url presentpassed
no aggregator citedpassed
confidence tags full formpassed
overlays have parameters trigger confidencepassed
preempt section city specificpassed
research profile consistencypassed

Data quality

68%completeness97 confirmed18 partial6 inferred
Documented gaps
  • §54-202 Overlay subsection text for most overlays (A, TB, JI, AR, SH, S, LMK, ST, GBLN, LILN, TC, G, FR, SPD) retrieved at enumeration level only. Parameter-level detail pending §54-202(a) through (n) expansion.
  • Peninsula Medical University (MD) overlay parameters — Ord. 2025-136 text not retrieved; overlay standards pending codification in Supplement 26 or direct ordinance retrieval.
  • §54-358 DR-4 dimensional standards not retrieved (cross-referenced from Table 3.1 rather than tabulated inline).
  • AG-8, AG-S Table 3.1 rows not prominently retrieved in this pass — dimensional set partial.
  • MU-1, MU-2, MU-1/WH, MU-2/WH, GP specific dimensional rows aggregated under 'NR everywhere' notation in retrieved slices; per-district differentiation pending deeper §54-301 subsection retrieval.
  • §54-240 Board of Architectural Review procedure detail — BAR jurisdiction confirmed, but Ord. 2025-140 (Oct 28, 2025) amendment text uncodified in Supplement 25.
  • §54-306 Old City Height District map band thresholds (exactly which Peninsula parcels fall in which of the 22 bands) — map retrieval out of scope for this pass.
  • §54-326 tree protection regime — Ord. 2025-170 (Dec 2, 2025) uncodified.
  • STR overlay parameter specifics — tiered permit structure confirmed but tier-level cap numbers, lottery rules, and owner-occupancy rules not retrieved at parameter level.
  • Full parking ratios by land use (likely §54-800-series or §54-301 appendix) not retrieved.
  • §54-207 subsection-Z text (referenced by uncodified Ord. 2025-108 scrivener fix) not retrieved.
  • 'Setting New Standards' proposed Form-Based District specifics (Code Assessment April 2024 recommendations) not extracted from project documentation — skill scope is current adopted code, not pending rewrite.
  • Parcel-conditional Beachfront Management Act applicability — requires parcel-level GIS cross-reference, out of scope for city-level profile.

Known issues

cohort:needs-dom-retrievalfreshness:volatileblocker:municodedata:gaps-present

Verification

last_verified_at2026-04-19T00:00:00Z
verifier_specialistverification-pass
verifier_version1.0
verification_resultpassed
atomic_claims_checked68
atomic_claims_passed66
atomic_claims_failed2
failed_claimsreason: MD overlay was adopted via Ord. 2025-136 (Oct 14, 2025) but is NOT yet codified in §54-202 Supplement 25 enumeration. Municode 'Amendments since Last Update' panel confirms ordinance adoption. Retained as status=inferred with codification_status='uncodified_in_supplement_25' to prevent FM-10 codification-lag misrepresentation.; reason: SC §6-29-1145 requires 'substantial equivalence' treatment of MH relative to site-built housing. Charleston's DR-3 imposes a 1-acre minimum for MH singlewides vs 4,000 sf for non-MH SF — a ~11x lot-size differential. Statute permits 'reasonable aesthetic and placement standards'; whether this differential clears that bar is a legal question outside this pipeline's scope.
narrative_refnarratives/charleston-sc/run-2026-04-19/09-verification-pass.md

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